Opinion Prof. Badri Munir Sukoco: ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????

?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????
Badri Munir Sukoco
Professor, Faculty of Economics and Business,
Director of Postgraduate School,
Universitas Airlangga

https://epaper.kontan.co.id/v2/player/view/harian/2021-09-25#page/11

Currently, higher education administrators use rankings as a form of accountability to ????????????????????ℎ?????????????????? ???????-his. Not only students, but alumni and graduate users will see rankings as a benchmark for the reputation and quality of existing education. Apart from the overall ranking of scientific fields, one that attracts public attention is the field of management and business. Even the ranking of the best business schools in the United States started in 1988 by ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? and 1990 by ???????? ????????????????. Long before there was a university ranking pioneered by ????ℎ????????????ℎ???????? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? (WUR) in 2003, followed by THE-QS WUR 2004 before splitting in 2009.

It should be understood, when many companies are global in scale, having an MBA with an international background not only provides ???????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????, but also ??????? ????????? ???????????????????????????????????? from the world's best companies. The global strategy of the employing or established company will be helped to become world class based on case studies and empirically tested concepts.

This is well described in relation to Samsung's success in becoming a global player and beating Sony in only 6 years (out of the planned 10 years). After the economic crisis hit Asia in the late 1990s, Samsung began recruiting many MBA graduates from Harvard, Wharton or Stanford to enable it to become a global company. Combining ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? from the West (especially MBAs) with the Japanese business system being the key to Samsung's success (Khanna et al., 2011; ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????). There is always debate about the role of MBA in company performance. For universities, business schools have always been ???????????????????ℎ???????? ???????ℎ???????????? and a proud reputation.

Business School Ranking
Consistency of position in various rankings by ????ℎ???????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ????????????????????????????????? ???????ℎ???????????? (CEIBS) is one of the best business schools in Asia today. On ???????????? 100 ??????????????? ?????????????????? version ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????, its position is only below Harvard, Wharton, Stanford, and INSEAD in 2020. Founded in 1994 in the Pudong district in Shanghai, the building has become one of the school's icons best business in China. Along with ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????ℎ???????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? (#32), ??????????????????ℎ???????? ???????ℎ???????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????, ????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? (#57), and ?????????????????????ℎ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????ℎ???????????? ???????? ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? (#67), showing that the competitiveness of Chinese business schools has increased rapidly in the last 18 years. When this ranking was launched in 1999, there were no Chinese business schools on the radar.

Currently more than 90 business schools have received accreditation status ???????????????????????? ????????????????????? (AACSB, EQUIS, and AMBA), and 7 of them from China. Specifically, AACSB, this accreditation agency from the United States provides accreditation to 31 business schools in China. The growth and development of business in China has also made the business school market very tight. According to ????ℎ???? ?????????????????????????????????????, there are 200 thousand people registering as students (double compared to last year 2016), and less than a quarter of them got a place.

Not only in terms of accreditation and rankings, the transformation has made its competitiveness comparable to top business schools in the United States and Europe. Even the Asian context makes it superior. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? which combines the latest and empirically tested concepts with local Asian (in this case Chinese) wisdom as the basis. Many Deans and lecturers have been teaching, researching and consulting for decades from ???????????????????????????? 500 in top Western business schools; returned and taught in China. There is no difference between the classroom and ???????????????-???????????????????? ????????????ℎ???????? with the world's top business schools. Even though the cost of education has become more competitive, this is the best choice without leaving behind the positions and businesses that MBA program participants are involved in.

In the early 2000s, MBA program participants hoped to work in global companies that offered promising compensation. As the global economy dominates, more than half of China's business school graduates work for local companies that are going global. Whether they are expanding globally or acquiring businesses in other countries. Currently, 30 Chinese companies are included in ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? 100. In addition to the crown princes of business, the first generation of bosses are also participants in MBA programs.

Recommendations
Currently, Indonesia is only represented by Pertamina (#287) on ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? 500 in 2021. As for ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????? 1000 for public companies, Indonesia is represented by BRI (#362), BCA (#436), Bank Mandiri (#507), and Telkom Indonesia (#762). Even though Indonesia's domestic market is the 7th largest in the world, most of it is enjoyed by global companies from other countries.

To get out of ????????????????????????-?????????????????????? ?? ????????????????, the existence of world-class companies originating from Indonesia can be a locomotive for economic growth. Keun Lee (2019) from ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? requires innovation capabilities and a highly educated population to become a developed country. Becoming a world-class company shows that the innovation produced by Indonesia's competent human resources can be accepted by the global community. Not only existing companies, but ?????????????????????-???????? who is doing ?????????????????????-???????? also need it.

Having managers with MBAs from world-class business schools allows for global perspective and networking. Currently, there are no Indonesian business schools that are on the radar of the institutions ranked above. For AACSB, only 2 Indonesian business schools have been accredited. This is the biggest challenge for business schools in Indonesia, to become world class and of world quality.