Title : THE ROLE AND CONTRIBUTION OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL CAPITAL IN THE GOVERNMENT PROGRAM TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY WELFARE BASED ON MAQASHID SYARIAH IN PADANG PARIAMAN DISTRICT AND SOLOK DISTRICT, WEST SUMATRA
Author : NENG KAMARNI
Universitas Airlangga
Item Type : Thesis (Dissertation)
Abstract
This research aims to obtain an in-depth description of the role and contribution of Islamic social capital in Padang Pariaman Regency and Solok Regency in accordance with their resource, socio-cultural and environmental characteristics which can play a role in supporting government policy programs to overcome poverty problems so as to achieve welfare goals. a society that is in accordance with the maqashid of sharia which is the goal of Islamic economics. This research is qualitative research using a phenomenological approach. Data analysis uses a normative approach, which is based on the Al-Quran and Hadith, which is called syar'i analysis or intuitive analysis. Data is collected through deep interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions, and documentation, then analyzed using thematic methods. Data testing in this study used triangulation techniques. The research results show that the participation and activeness of members in groups or associations will form the diversity of community social capital. Good interaction in a union/group, changing the behavior of group members which will lead to improved welfare. Character and social character, seen in traits and attitudes: having a sense of shame (shamed culture), a sense of guilt (guilt culture), and a high level of religiousness. The synergy between ninik mamak, alim ulama, intelligent people (tigo furnace sajarangan), makes the level of public trust in Ulama, government programs and between communities, become a strength in the nagari which is social capital. The basic Islamic values that exist in Minangkabau culture become Islamic social capital. These values are Ummah Wahidah (unity), Ukhuwwah (brotherhood), Ta'awun (helping each other), Ihsan, Tasamuh (tolerance and forgiveness). The leadership values of Rasulullah SAW, namely Siddiq, Tabligh, Amanah and Fathonah, became the basis for Ninik Mamak to protect her children and nieces. All these values are reflected in Minangkabau culture which is based on the Koran and Hadith. These basic Islamic values constitute Islamic social capital. Islamic social capital owned by the community plays a bridging social capital role from the problem of poverty to becoming a link (linking social capital) to society and other institutions so that the most basic benefit goals in religion are protecting religion, protecting the soul, protecting the mind, protecting offspring and protecting wealth can be achieved.
Keywords: Maqashid sharia, phenomenology, shamed culture, ta'awun
