Title: THE INFLUENCE OF WORK MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH SPIRITUAL WORK ETHIC MODERATOR VARIABLES: Empirical Study at PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk.

Author: Wiwik Istyarini

Item Type : Thesis (Thesis)

Affiliations: Master of Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga , Surabaya, Indonesia

Publisher: Universitas Airlangga

Abstract

These moral-spiritual values, if understood and implemented in employee work activities, will be able to trigger and spur maximization of their performance. In addition, these values ​​can also strengthen employee work motivations. Therefore the motives and actions of employee work in a company are certainly inseparable. Both have a reciprocal relationship and influence each other. The fact shows that the symptoms of motivation that exist in employees become a benchmark for the condition of their performance. Meanwhile, a conducive work environment was able to give birth to values ​​(perceptions) that became the drive power for the employee's work ethic. This fact indicates the importance of motivation and work ethic for employees so that he has good and maximum performance and is able to deliver the company to the achievement of its goals. On the basis of the description above, the researcher captures the phenomenon of the influence between work motivation and employee performance moderated by the spiritual work ethic. This condition, according to the researcher's assumption, is very influential on efforts to optimize the company. Therefore, this phenomenon is adopted as the title in this study. Work motivation here is based on the theory of Maslow's motivation, namely the theory of human needs which includes: physiological needs (physiological needs), security and safety needs (work security and safety needs), social needs (social needs), esteem needs (appreciation needs), and self actualization needs. While the concept of performance is based on the Quantity of Work, Quality of Work, Job Knowledge, Creativeness, Cooperation, Dependability, IniCiative, and Qualities personnel. The spiritual work ethic that researchers made as moderating variables is based on the value of honesty (shiddiq), trust (trust), intelligence (fathonah), delivery of truth (tabligh). Contingency theory focuses on organizations as an open social system with unique characteristics. Contingency Theory Changes the focus of research from the assumptions of all organizations which are in principle universal to the development of guidelines for the application of continuous variables in the specific organizational environment. The contingent approach is the best approach to find out the factors that influence work motivation, especially in relation to employee performance. The application of a contingency approach (Contingency Approach) for research motivation of employees has produced the identification of factors that potentially determine the relationship between employee motivation and employee performance. Supporters of this approach argue that work motivation may not be effective in all situations. Through the contingent approach, it can be seen what conditional factors play a role in strengthening/weakening the relationship between employee work motivation variables and employee performance. Based on the theoretical studies as exposure in Chapter II, researchers assume that the spiritual work ethic variable needs to be evaluated as a factor that is likely to have a moderating influence on the relationship between work motivation and employee performance, the best combination between work motivation and continuous variables (spiritual work ethic) will produce increased employee performance. Empirically this study tests the effect of spiritual work ethic as a moderating variable in the relationship between work motivation and employee performance at PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. The sample of this study was the employees who were in the production department II at PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk in the Tuban region with a total of 155 respondents taken from each section of the population of 263 employees with proportionate stratified random sampling methods. In this study also conducted data causality testing, descriptive statistics and classic assumption tests. The analysis technique used to test hypothesis 1 is a simple regression. Meanwhile, to test hypothesis 2, multiple regression statistical methods are used with a residual approach (bivariate analysis). From the existing data processing it is obtained that employee work motivation has a positive and significant effect, meaning that increasing work motivation will improve employee performance. The results of this study also show that the spiritual work ethic variable is proven to be a moderating variable, so that the best combination level between work motivation and spiritual work ethic has a positive effect on employee performance, meaning that work motivation will improve employee performance if employees have high spiritual work ethic, and will reduce employee performance if employees have low spiritual work ethics or in other words employees who have high motivation and spiritual work ethic will improve employee performance. The results of the study are expected to contribute to the development of organizational behavior in Indonesia. Limitations in this study are expected to be improved in future studies. However the influence of the spiritual work ethic on employee motivation relations with employee performance, still needs to be tested again to test the consistency of the results of this study with subsequent studies. Finally, the effectiveness of work motivation in improving employee performance still needs to be further investigated by considering the possibility of the influence of other conditional factors. Future research using a residual approach needs to study more deeply the aspects related to the application of the approach in designing research related to contingent theory. Research design that applies a residual analysis method needs to pay attention to aspects such as: Development of an understanding of a in-depth theoretical framework in the formation of the model, the level of reliability of the measurements used in the study, attention to the nature of the relationship between specific variables and anticipation of bias that may occur in the application of the residual approach

Keywords: motivation, spirituality ethics, and performance

Sources: http://repository.unair.ac.id/35516/