THE EFFECT OF WORK MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH THE MODERATOR VARIABLE OF SPIRITUAL WORK ETHOS: Empirical Study at PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk.

Amount: THE EFFECT OF WORK MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH THE MODERATOR VARIABLE OF SPIRITUAL WORK ETHOS: Empirical Study at PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk.

Authors: Wiwik Istyarini

Item Type: Thesis

Memberships: Master of Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia

Publisher: Airlangga University

Abstract

These moral-spiritual values, if understood and implemented in employee work activities, will be able to trigger and spur the maximization of their performance. In addition, these values ​​can also strengthen employee motivations. Therefore, the motives and actions of employees in a company certainly cannot be separated. Both have a reciprocal relationship and influence each other. The fact shows that the motivational symptoms that exist in employees become a benchmark for the condition of their performance. Meanwhile, a conducive work environment was able to produce values ​​(perceptions) which became the driving force for the work ethic of employees. This fact indicates the importance of motivation and work ethic for employees so that they have good and maximum performance and are able to lead the company to achieve its goals. Based on the description above, the researcher captures the phenomenon of the influence between work motivation and employee performance which is moderated by a spiritual work ethic. This condition, according to the researcher's assumption, is very influential on the company's optimization efforts. Therefore, the researcher adopted this phenomenon as the title of this study. Work motivation here is based on Maslow's theory of motivation, namely the theory of human needs which includes: Physiological needs (physiological needs), Security and safety needs (needs for security and safety at work), Social needs (social needs), Esteem needs (needs for appreciation), and Self actualization needs (self-actualization needs). While the concept of performance is based on quantity of work, quality of work, job knowledge, creativeness, cooperation, dependability, initiative, and personnel qualities. The spiritual work ethic that the researcher uses as a moderating variable is based on the values ​​of honesty (shiddiq), trust (amanah), intelligence (fathonah), the delivery of truth (tabligh). Contingency theory focuses on organization as an open social system with unique characteristics. Contingency theory changes the focus of research from the assumption that all organizations are in principle universal to the development of guidelines for the application of contingency variables to specific organizational environments. The contingency approach is the best approach to determine the factors that influence work motivation, especially in relation to employee performance. The application of the contingency approach to research on employee work motivation has resulted in the identification of factors that potentially determine the relationship between employee motivation and employee performance. Proponents of this approach argue that work motivation may not be effective in all situations. Through the contingency approach, it can be seen what conditional factors play a role in strengthening/weakening the relationship between employee motivation variables and employee performance. Based on the theoretical study as explained in chapter II, the researcher assumes that the spiritual work ethic variable needs to be evaluated as a factor that is likely to have a moderating effect on the relationship between work motivation and employee performance. increased employee performance. Empirically this study examines the influence of the Spiritual Work Ethic as a moderating variable in the relationship between Work Motivation and Employee Performance at PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. The samples of this research are employees who are in the production section II at PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk, which is located in the Tuban area with a total of 155 employees as respondents, drawn from each section of the total population of 263 employees using the proportionate stratified random sampling method. In this study, data causality testing, descriptive statistics and classical assumption tests were also carried out. The analytical technique used to test hypothesis 1 is simple regression. Meanwhile, to test hypothesis 2, multiple regression statistical methods were used with a residual approach (bivariate analysis). From the processing of existing data, it is found that employee work motivation has a positive and significant effect, meaning that increasing work motivation will improve employee performance. The results of this study also show that the spiritual work ethic variable is proven to be a moderating variable, so that the level of the best combination between work motivation and spiritual work ethic has a positive effect on employee performance, meaning that work motivation will improve employee performance if employees have a high spiritual work ethic, and will reduce employee performance if employees have a low spiritual work ethic or in other words employees who have a high spiritual value of motivation and work ethic will increase employee performance higher as well. The research results are expected to contribute to the development of organizational behavior in Indonesia. The limitations of this study are expected to be improved in future studies. However, the influence of spiritual work ethic on the relationship between employee motivation and employee performance still needs to be re-examined to test the consistency of the results of this study with subsequent studies. Finally, the effectiveness of work motivation in improving employee performance still needs to be investigated further by considering the possible influence of other conditional factors. Future research using the residual approach needs to examine more deeply the aspects related to the application of this approach in designing research related to contingency theory.

Keywords: motivation, spiritual ethics, and performance

sources: http://repository.unair.ac.id/35516/